Each household remains a dot in the food-share comparison

Each household remains a dot in the food-share comparison

Question. As income rises, what share of it goes to food, household by household?

• Encoding. One dot per household is spread into a swarm along its food-share value within its income quartile.
• Ordering. Quartiles ascend from lower to higher income. Vertical dot displacement prevents overlap and has no measured meaning.
• Baseline. Zero is no food expenditure as a share of income.
• Scale. One shared linear percentage scale across the quartiles.

What this design gives up

The original income and franc expenditure disappear, and swarm displacement is not an extra variable.

The historical sample covers working-class Belgian households, not contemporary consumers. Household composition and other omitted factors may affect both income and food spending. Ratios share a denominator with income.